Discover how color theory math works. Concepts and tips.
I am excited to write about color theory math. Color theory is a vast topic. So, I choose to study it and share ready-to-use color theory tips for designers. But, I also explain the concepts first. Enjoy reading.
Color theory RGB vs CMYK
Designers use RGB and CMYK color schemes to mix colors. While one is for display on computers, another is for print media. Let us understand them both.
Color theory RGB meaning and use
RGB stands for red, green, blue.
In LCD, CRT, camera, and scanner we use the RGB color scheme.
We use it to create file formats like JPEG, PNG, and GIF.
We use them to make logos, websites, social media, ads, etc.
What are additive colors?
You mix lights to mix colors. It is like when you shine torches of two different colors at the same position.
The three colors add to produce the white color at the center. It is because the RGB color scheme is an additive model.
You add red, green, and blue in different proportions to create various colors. Black means no colors.
Color theory CMYK meaning and use
CMYK stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black)
In print media, we use the CMYK color scheme.
We use it to create file formats like PDF and EPS.
We use them to make business cards, brochures, stationery, etc.
What are subtractive colors?
You add color to the white paper to subtract colors from the white color.
The three colors subtract to produce the black (key) color at the center. It is because the CMYK color scheme is a subtractive model.
You keep subtracting colors from black to produce a color. White means no colors.
Color theory math with the color wheel
The color wheel is 360 degrees. You could apply the following formulae to find these color schemes:
Color scheme #1. Monochromatic colors
A monochromatic color scheme means using only one color for the entire design. Choose any hue and apply its various values. Here is a monochromatic painting. It is based on the concept of hue, saturation, and brightness.
Color scheme #2. Complementary colors
When two colors are 180 degrees apart on a color wheel, they are complementary colors.
Color scheme #3. Triadic colors
Draw an equilateral triangle on the color wheel. You will find triadic colors.
Or, choose any one color. Then choose a color 120 degrees apart.
And, find a color 240 degrees apart from the first color.
You have three colors in the color triad.
Color scheme #4. Tetradic colors
Draw a square on the color wheel to find tetradic colors.
Or, choose any one color.
Find colors 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees apart from this color respectively. You have tetradic colors.
Color scheme #5. Analogous colors
Choose any one color. Then choose any two colors 30 degrees and 60 degrees apart from it respectively. You have analogous colors.
To know the details of monochromatic, analogous, triadic, tetradic, and complementary colors, read this article.
Conclusion
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